Does a more saturated color have a higher number on the value scale?

Not necessarily…it depends upon the color and the value of that color. Saturation is the purity or intensity of a color. Value is the relative lightness and darkness of a color on the value scale. For example, cadmium yellow light is very saturated color, but it is very light in value. Cadmium dark red is also very saturated, but it is a very dark value.